LED vs halogen: what you actually save

A glowing halogen bulb beside an unlit LED bulb

The case for LED is usually made with vague promises about efficiency. It is more convincing with actual arithmetic, so here it is.

One bulb, one year

A 50 W halogen spot and a 5 W LED spot both produce roughly 400 lumens. Run either for four hours a day and the halogen uses about 73 kWh a year against the LED's 7.3 kWh. At an Estonian household rate of around €0.18 per kWh, that is roughly €13.10 versus €1.30 — about €11.80 saved per bulb, per year.

Ten spots in a kitchen ceiling

The same swap across ten fixtures saves in the region of €118 a year. The LEDs themselves typically cost under €50 in total, so they pay for themselves inside six months and then keep saving.

Replacement cost is the hidden half

Halogen bulbs last around 2,000 hours. The LEDs we sell are rated for 25,000 to 35,000 hours. Over the life of one LED you would buy and fit a dozen halogens — which matters far more when the fixture is six metres up in a warehouse than when it is above your kitchen worktop.

Where the savings are largest

Commercial spaces with long operating hours see the sharpest returns. A 150 W LED high bay replacing a 400 W metal halide fitting, running twelve hours a day, saves well over €190 a year in electricity per fixture.

Two things to check before you switch

Match the lumens, not the watts — that is the only fair comparison. And if the fixture is on a dimmer, buy a model explicitly marked dimmable; putting a non-dimmable LED on a dimmer circuit will damage it.